https://www.gardenology.org/w/index.php?action=history&feed=atom&title=Garden_AngelicaGarden Angelica - Revision history2026-04-09T23:55:25ZRevision history for this page on the wikiMediaWiki 1.43.0https://www.gardenology.org/w/index.php?title=Garden_Angelica&diff=6443&oldid=prevMediaWiki default at 13:20, 5 August 20072007-08-05T13:20:30Z<p></p>
<p><b>New page</b></p><div>{{Taxobox<br />
| color = lightgreen<br />
| name = Garden Angelica<br />
| image = Koehler1887-GardenAngelica.jpg<br />
| image_width = 240px<br />
| regnum = [[Plant]]ae<br />
| divisio = [[Flowering plant|Magnoliophyta]]<br />
| classis = [[Magnoliopsida]]<br />
| ordo = [[Apiales]]<br />
| familia = [[Apiaceae]]<br />
| genus = ''[[Angelica]]''<br />
| species = '''''A. archangelica'''''<br />
| binomial = ''Angelica archangelica''<br />
| binomial_authority = [[Carolus Linnaeus|L.]]<br />
}}<br />
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'''Garden Angelica''' (''Angelica archangelica''; [[syn.]] ''Archangelica officinalis'' Hoffm., ''Archangelica officinalis'' ''var.'' ''himalaica'' C.B.Clarke) is a [[biennial]] plant from the umbelliferous family [[Apiaceae]]. Alternative English names are ''Holy Ghost, Wild Celery'', and ''Norwegian angelica'' <br />
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During its first year it only grows leaves, but during its second year its fluted stem can reach a height of two metres. Its leaves are composed of numerous small leaflets, divided into three principal groups, each of which is again subdivided into three lesser groups. The edges of the leaflets are finely toothed or serrated. The flowers, which blossom in July, are small and numerous, yellowish or greenish in colour, are grouped into large, globular umbels, which bear pale yellow, oblong fruits. Angelica only grows in damp soil, preferably near rivers or deposits of water. Not to be confused with the toxic [http://plants.usda.gov/java/profile?symbol=PASA2 Pastinaca sativa, or ''Wild Parsnip''].<br />
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''Angelica archangelica'' grows wild in [[Finland]], [[Sweden]], [[Norway]], [[Greenland]], the [[Faroe Islands]] and [[Iceland]], mostly in the northern parts of the countries. It is cultivated in [[France]], mainly in the [[Marais Poitevin]], a marsh region close to [[Niort]] in the départment [[Deux-Sèvres]].<br />
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==Usage/History==<br />
From the [[10th century]] on, angelica was cultivated as a [[vegetable]] and [[medicinal plant]], and achieved great popularity in [[Scandinavia]] in the [[12th century]] and is still used today, especially in [[Sami people|Sami culture]]. A flute-like instrument with a clarinet-like sound can be made of its hollow stem, probably as a toy for children. [[Carolus Linnaeus|Linnaeus]] reported that Sami peoples used it in [[reindeer]] milk. Other usages include spices. <br />
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In 1602, angelica was introduced in [[Niort]], which had just been ravaged by the plague, and it has been popular there ever since. It is used to flavour [[liqueur]]s or [[aquavit]]s (e.g. [[Chartreuse (liqueur)|Chartreuse]], [[Bénédictine]], [[Vermouth]] and [[Dubonnet]]), [[omelette]]s and [[trout]], and as [[jam]]. The long bright green stems are also candied and used as decoration.<br />
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Angelica contains a variety of chemicals which have been shown to have medicinal properties. Chewing on angelica or drinking tea brewed from it will cause [[local anesthesia]], but it will heighten the consumer's [[immune system]]. It has been shown to be effective against various [[bacterium|bacteria]], [[fungus|fungal infections]] and even [[virus|viral infections]].<br />
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The [[essential oil]] of the roots of '''Angelica archangelica'' contains β-terebangelene, C<sub>10</sub>H<sub>16</sub>, and other [[terpene]]s; the oil of the seeds also contains β-terebangelene, together with methylethylacetic acid and hydroxymyristic acid.<br />
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Angelica seeds and angelica roots are sometimes used in making [[absinthe]].<br />
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==Etymology==<br />
Archangelica comes from the Greek word "arkhangelos" (=arch-angel), due to the myth that it was the angel [[Gabriel]] who told of its use as [[medicine]].<br />
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In [[Finnish language|Finnish]] it is called ''väinönputki'', in [[Sami languages|Sami]] ''fádnu'', ''boska'' and ''rássi'', in [[English language|English]] ''garden angelica'', in [[German language|German]] ''arznei-engelwurz'', in [[Dutch language|Dutch]] ''grote engelwortel'', in [[Swedish language|Swedish]] ''kvanne'', in [[Norwegian language|Norwegian]] ''kvann'' and in [[Icelandic language|Icelandic]] it has the name ''hvönn''.<br />
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==References==<br />
* {{cite book | author=[[Neltje Blanchan|Blanchan, Neltje]] | title=[[Wild Flowers Worth Knowing]] | year=[[2005]] | publisher=[[Project Gutenberg|Project Gutenberg Literary Archive Foundation]]}}<br />
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==External links==<br />
*[http://www.efloras.org/florataxon.aspx?flora_id=110&taxon_id=220000737 eFloras: ''Angelica archangelica'']<br />
*[http://fxcuisine.com/default.asp?Display=91 Candied Angelica Archangelica Stems Pie - step-by-step illustrated recipe in English]<br />
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{{Commons|Angelica archangelica}}<br />
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{{Herbs & spices}}<br />
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[[Category:Apiaceae]]<br />
[[Category:Absinthe]]<br />
[[Category:Flora of Nepal]]<br />
[[Category:Medicinal plants]]<br />
[[Category:Flora of Greenland]]</div>MediaWiki default