Annonaceae

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Annona squamosa fruit
Plant Info
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Scientific classification
Domain: {{{domain}}} Superkingdom: {{{superregnum}}} Kingdom: Plantae Subkingdom: {{{subregnum}}} Superdivision: {{{superdivisio}}} Superphylum: {{{superphylum}}} Division: Magnoliophyta Phylum: {{{phylum}}} Subdivision: {{{subdivisio}}} Subphylum: {{{subphylum}}} Infraphylum: {{{infraphylum}}} Microphylum: {{{microphylum}}} Nanophylum: {{{nanophylum}}} Superclass: {{{superclassis}}} Class: Magnoliopsida Sublass: {{{subclassis}}} Infraclass: {{{infraclassis}}} Superorder: {{{superordo}}} Order: Magnoliales Suborder: {{{subordo}}} Infraorder: {{{infraordo}}} Superfamily: {{{superfamilia}}} Family: Annonaceae Juss. Subfamily: {{{subfamilia}}} Supertribe: {{{supertribus}}} Tribe: {{{tribus}}} Subtribe: {{{subtribus}}} Genus: {{{genus}}} Subgenus: {{{subgenus}}} Section: {{{sectio}}} Series: {{{series}}} Species: {{{species}}} Subspecies: {{{subspecies}}}
[[{{{diversity_link}}}|Diversity]]
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Type Species
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Genera
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The Annonaceae, also called custard apple family or soursop family, is a family of flowering plants consisting of trees, shrubs or lianas. With about 2300 to 2500 species in 120 to 130 genera, it is the largest family in the Magnoliales. Its type genus is Annona. The family is concentrated in the Tropics, with few species found in temperate regions. About 900 species are neotropical, 450 are African, and the other species Asian.

Members of the Annonaceae have simple, alternate, petiolate leaves with smooth, entire margins. The leaves are arranged in two rows along the stems. There is no stipules. The flowers are radially symmetrical and often bisexual. In most species the 3 sepals are united at the base. There are 6 brown to yellow petals, many stamens in a spiral, and many pistils, each with a one-chambered ovary containing many ovules. Flowers are sometimes borne directly on large branches or on the trunk. The fruit is a berry.

Cultivation and uses

The large, pulpy fruits of some members are edible, including species of Annona (the custard apple, the cherimoya, the soursop), Asimina (the papaw), Rollinia (the biriba).

Besides bearing edible fruits, some members also have aromatic oil and are used for perfumes or spices. The strong bark is used for carrying burdens in Amazonia. The wood is valued as firewood.

The bark, leaves and roots of some species are used in folk medicines. Besides, pharmaceutic research has found antifungal, bacteriostatic, and especially cytostatic capability of some chemical constituents of the leaves and bark.

Some species are also grown as ornamental plants, especially Polyalthia longifolia pendula.

Genera

Artabotrys - trail-grape Cananga - Ylang-ylang Deeringothamnus - false pawpaw Guatteria - haya minga, haya blanca Oxandra - blacklancewood, haya Rollinia - wild sugar-apple Stelechocarpus - kepel Afroguatteria Alphonsea Ambavia Anaxagorea Ancana Annickia Annona Anomianthus Anonidium Artabotrys Asimina Asteranthe Balonga Bocagea Bocageopsis Boutiquea Cananga Cardiopetalum Cleistochlamys Cleistopholis Craibella</br> Cremastosperma Cyathocalyx Cyathostemma Cymbopetalum Dasoclema Dasymaschalon Deeringothamnus Dendrokingstonia Dennettia Desmopsis Desmos Diclinanona Dielsiothamnus Disepalum Duckeanthus Duguetia Ellipeia

Ellipeiopsis Enicosanthum Ephedranthus Exellia Fissistigma Fitzalania Friesodielsia Froesiodendron Fusaea Gilbertiella Goniothalamus Greenwayodendron Guamia Guatteria Guatteriella Guatteriopsis Haplostichanthus Heteropetalum Hexalobus Hornschuchia Isolona Letestudoxa Lettowianthus Malmea Marsypopetalum Meiocarpidium Meiogyne Melodorum Mezzettia Mezzettiopsis Miliusa Mischogyne Mitrella Mitrephora Mkilua Monanthotaxis Monocarpia Monocyclanthus Monodora Neostenanthera Neo-uvaria Onychopetalum Ophrypetalum Oreomitra

Orophea Oxandra Pachypodanthium Papualthia Petalolophus Phaeanthus Phoenicanthus Piptostigma Platymitra Polyalthia Polyceratocarpus Popowia Porcelia Pseudartabotrys Pseudephedranthus Pseudoxandra Pseuduvaria Pyramidanthe Raimondia Reedrollinsia Richella Rollinia Ruizodendron Sageraea Sanrafaelia Sapranthus Schefferomitra Sphaerocoryne Stelechocarpus Stenanona Tetrameranthus Toussaintia Tridimeris Trigynaea Trivalvaria Unonopsis Uvaria Uvariastrum Uvariodendron Uvariopsis Woodiellantha Xylopia

External links

• Annonaceae research projects at Nationaal Herbarium Nederland
• List of Annonaceae genera of the GRIN Database