Prunus cerasus

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Standard Cyclopedia of Horticulture

Prunus cerasus, Linn. (Cerasus vulgaris. Mill. C. caproniana, DC. P. austera, Ehrh.). Sour, Pie, or Morello Cherry. Figs. 907, 910, Vol. II. Rather low round-headed tree with gray bark and no central leader (compare Figs. 907 and 906, Vol. II), sucker- ing from the root: lvs. ovate-obovate or short-ovate, abruptly short-pointed, stiff and parchment-like and more or less glossy above, light or gray-green: fls. in small clusters from lateral buds mostly in advance of the lvs., the scales of the fl.-buds small; calyx-tube glabrous, little if any constricted at top, the lobes deflexed and crenate, obtuse: fr. roundish or depressed-globular, red, soft-fleshed, acid; stone globular. Native to Asia Minor and perhaps to S. E. Eu.—P. Cerasus is the common pie cherry of old yards. It escapes into fence- rows and other waste places, forming dense thickets, as does the plum. It sprouts from the root. The various Morellos belong here; also the Montmorency, Louis Phillippe, and others. There are at least 2 well-marked groups of these pomological cherries—those with uncolored juice (Amarelles, the Prunus acida of some), and those with colored juice (Morellos or Griottes). To the former group belong the Montmorency, Early Richmond, and several early varieties. Many botanical Latin names have been applied in this group of cherries, and the interpretation of the relative systematic standing of the different forms is much confused. For our purpose, the leading forms may be ranged as follows: Var. frutescens, Schneid. (P. acida, Koch), comprising the bushy small-fruited spontaneous or run- wild forms. Var. typica, Sehneid., comprising the treelike cult, forms of many kinds. To this latter group or class belong not only the orchard sour cherries, but also such ornamental varieties or groups as follow. Var. Rhexii, Kirchn. (var. ranunculiflora, Hort.). Fis. double, white. F.S. 17:1805. Gn. 78, p. 228. Var. persiciflora, Koch. Fls. full, double, light rose or pink. Var. variegata, Hort. Lvs. variegated with yellow and dull white. Var. aucubaefolia, Dipp. Lvs. spotted with yellow. Var. cucullata, Kirchn. Lvs. puckered or blistered. Var. globosa, Spaeth. Low round-headed small-lvd. bush. By some authors, the species is divided into the Eucerasus (i.e. true Cerasus) group, comprising the tree-form kinds, with strong branches erect or ascending or perhaps somewhat drooping with age, lvs. and petioles with or without glands, large or good-sized fr. with globular or only rarely ovoid stone; and the Acida group (P. acida, Koch, not Ehrh.), comprising the more bush-like forms (as the Ostheim), with more drooping or hanging branches, short gland-bearing petioles, and smaller globular fr. with ovoid stone about 1/2in. or lees long. To this latter race probably belong several forms more or less cult, for ornament, as P. acida var. dumosa, Hort., abushy form blooming profusely when young. Gn. 78, p. 201. Var. semperflorens, Loud. (P. semperflorens, Ehrh. Cerasus semperflorens, DC.). Everblooming Cherry. All-Saints' Cherry. Figs. 3237, 3238. A horticultural state of P. Cerasus var. typica: small tree or a bush, usually top-worked on other stock, with a straggling or drooping habit, the slender twigs glabrous: lvs. oval to oblong-obovate, short-pointed (or acuminate on the strong shoots), irregularly dentate, rather hard and firm in texture: fls. white; on long axillary and terminal peduncles from May till September: fr. like a small pie cherry, but mostly longer-stalked and smaller, dark red.—Its habit of blooming all summer makes it a desirable ornamental subject. The lvs. resemble those of P. Cerasus, except that they are smaller. Known in France as Cerisier de la Toussaint ("All-Saints' cherry") and in Germany as Allerheiligen Kirsche. There is a form with yellow-variegated lvs. The Everblooming cherry appears to be very little planted in this country, but it is an interesting form. CH The above text is from the Standard Cyclopedia of Horticulture. It may be out of date, but still contains valuable and interesting information which can be incorporated into the remainder of the article. Click on "Collapse" in the header to hide this text.

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References

• Standard Cyclopedia of Horticulture, by L. H. Bailey, MacMillan Co., 1963

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