Prunus persica

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Standard Cyclopedia of Horticulture

Prunus persica, Sieb. & Zucc. (Amygdalus Persica, Linn. Persica vulgaris, Mill.). Peach. Figs. 2785- 2791. Much like the almond in botanical characters and by some thought to be derived from that plant, but now generally agreed to be an original species and to be native to China (Fig. 2791, p. 2495): lvs. broad- lanceolate or oblong-lanceolate, coarsely serrate, the petiole usually gland- bearing and ,1/2in. or less long (shorter than the width of one side of lf.-blade): fls. solitary, pink,appearing before the lvs., the sepals more or less pubescent on outside: fr. soft, pubescent at maturity, the stone deep-pitted and very hard. Widely cult., especially in N. Amer.,where it thrives under a great variety of condi-tions.—There are 2 well-marked forms, the cling-stones or pavies (Persicavulgaris,Risso), and the freestones (Persica domestica, Risso). There are many ornamental forms of the peach tree: double-fld., Fig. 2789.(F.S. 10:969; 13:1299,1300. R.H. 1852:221); white-fld.,dark-fld.,etc.;purple-lvd.; variegated- lvd.; dwarfs. These forms are catalogued under such names as Persica vulgaris flore albo-plena, flore roseo-plena, flore sanguinea plena representing different colors of double-fld. peach, and P. vulgaris foliis purpureis representing the purple- or blood-lvd. peach. One of the best of these fancy forms is var. camelliaeflora, Hort., with its subvar. plena, the former with very large carmine fls. and the latter with double fls. (Fig. 2789). There are forms (var. versicolor) with different colors of fls. on different branches of the same tree; also compact or dwarf, pyramidal, weeping, and purple-lvd. forms. See Peach. Var. nucipersica, Schneid. (Amygdalus Persica var. nucipersica, Linn. Persica nucipersica, Borkh. Persica laevis, DC. Prunus Persica var. laevis, Gray. Amygda-lus nectarina, Ait. Prunus Persica var. necturina, Maxim.). Nectarine. Fig. 2453, p. 2116. Fr. smooth, usually smaller: lvs. usually more strongly serrate. The nectarine is said to have sprung from the peach, both through seed- and bud-variation. There are 2 types, as in the peach: clingstones or brugnons (Persica laevis, Risso), and freestones (Persica violacea, Risso). The nectarine is not generally cult, in this country, although it is popular in Calif. Var. platycarpa, Bailey (Persica platycarpa, Decne.). Flat Peach. Fr. much flattened endwise, and scarcely thicker in that direction than the length of the pit or stone, with a calyx-like eye or broken cavity at the top; stone small, flat, compressed, rough, and irregular. China. R.H. 1870:111. Trans. Hort. Soc., Lond. 4:512.—Grown in the southern states, where it has given rise to various globular peaches. The Peen-to is a form or variety (Fig. 2784, p. 2493) originated in 1869 with P. J. Berckmans, Augusta. Ga., from seeds sent from Austral., where it was probably intro. from China; on account of its very early blooming, this variety is not grown commercially in any of the regular peach sections of the U. S., as it is very likely to be caught by frosts, nor is the quality superior; for S. Fla. and the tropics, it is of value; the fr. is of medium size, strongly flattened on the ends, greenish, with red cheek, flesh light yellow and of good flavor but with a slight bitter-almond taste, cling, the stone small and flat. CH The above text is from the Standard Cyclopedia of Horticulture. It may be out of date, but still contains valuable and interesting information which can be incorporated into the remainder of the article. Click on "Collapse" in the header to hide this text.

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References

• Standard Cyclopedia of Horticulture, by L. H. Bailey, MacMillan Co., 1963

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